Grinding machine



April 20, 1937. VF.,A WARD GRINDING MACHINE Filed June 50,1950 5Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR flaky/c4 5 fird' ATTORN EYS April 20, 1937. WARD2,077,727

. GRINDING MACHINE Filed June 50', 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 l 'I I H C 0 11r w J J u 1 na/mmhwzz ATTORNEY s A ril 20, 1937.-

. F. A. WARD GRINDING MACHINE Filed June 30, 1930 5 Sheets-Shee t 5 O MQ QBQZ Q/E 5 i I Q0 Q7 INVEN TOR I flfdj/IZ/im/ I 87 2fm W ATTORN EYS'April 20, 1937. F. A. 'WARD 9 17 GRINDINQ'MACHINE Filed June 50. 1950 5Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORN EYS April 20, 1937. W D 2 077,???

- GRINDING MAQHINE I Filed June 30-, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR v vfleyerl afgh ard ATTORNEY 5 45 member of a universal joint which may befinhave their axes non-parallel to the axis of the arbor is a grindingwheel L which is suitably Patented P 1937 t 4 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE" GRINDING MACHINE Frederick A. Ward, Detroit, Mich., assignor toThe Gear Grinding Machine Company, Detroit, Mich a corporation ofMichigan Application June 30, 1930, Serial No. 465,048

4 Claims. (Cl. 51-92) The invention relates to the art of formgrindshank A but all of said axes intersect in a coming and has for itsobject the extension of this 'mon point which is also in the axis of theshank general method to the grinding of articles of a A. Thus asillustrated in Figure 4, D and D are different character than thoseheretofore OP- ball races of segmental cylindrical form, the axes 5erated upon. of which intersect the common point E in the 5 In the p nstate 01 the art nd g m axis of the shank A. It will be noted, however,chines have been devised in which a formed that the races D on one sideof each of the rinding W eel, is successively presented to a prongs Cnever assume coincident positions with ries of surfaces in the work tobe finished to a the races D' upon opposite sides of said prong,

corresp nding f m. Where these successive surand therefore it isimpossible to successively place 10 faces are so arranged about a commonaxis of the races D and D' in operative relation to a rotation. that eyay be b ou t to o in grinder wheel by a mere rotationabout a single i pt ns t work ay b p rf rm W t axis such as that of the shank A. It is,how- Ollt difliclllty- For instance, in thegrinding of ever, possible toarrange the axis of the shank a. gear each of the teeth may besuccessively A in such relation to the plane of a formed 15 ground o apredetermined form y indexing the grinder wheel that all of the races ofone of the I work a d relatively p ating th same in series D or D may bebrought into the same rerelation to the r ding wheel. 4 On the otherlation to the grinder wheel by rotation about the hand, where t e ur a st be gr und ar i axis of the shank A. Thus as illustrated inFigdissimilar relations this method is not applicable. ures 4, 4A and4B, the axis D E of the races D 0 The p s t nv nt on provid s a m ansfor lie in the plane of the rotation of the grinder t e grinding ofarticles having a e s o wheel F, so that a relative reciprocation of thea a l Of w ch ca n t b b ou t n eeihwork and the grinder wheel parallelto such axis eldellt positions y rotation b u a le axis, will cause theformed cross-sectional contour of and the invention therefore consistsin the novel the wheel to trace the race D. Each of the other 25apparatus as hereinafter s t o races D may besuccessively placed in thesame In the drawings: position by a rotation of the shank A, but noneFigure 1 is a P V w Of y improved of the races D can be so registered.If, how-' e; ever, the axis of the shank A should be revolved Figure 2is n d elevation e eof around the point E into the dotted position A, 30Figure 3 is a side v i then the race member D' will have its axis coures4, 4 B re sp y a plan view, incident with the axis D E .of the racemember side elevation and end elevation of a universal l) d will b inthe same operative relation to joint member which is a specific articlethat may th grinder wheel F.

be ground by y improved method; In view of the geometrical relationsjust de- 35 Figure 5 i a cross s n through the indexscribed, it isevident that to form grind both seing mechanism; ries of races D, D,requires the rotation of the Figure 6 is a sectional side elevation ofthe work not only about th axis of the shank but trimming mechanism nalso about a transverse axis which passes through Flgure 7 Is an(enlarged crass sectmn on line the point of intersection of the axes ofall of the 40 of Figure races and that of the shank. I have therefore.Whfle my 8 means is afppucable to devised a construction of grindingmachine which ig g g z gfi g fg fig g ggz fl gzg ga permits of suchadjustment and which is of the following construction.

The frame of the machine G has supported thereon the reciprocatingcarriage H which may be driven by any suitable aultgismatitlr1mecaaiiism n 1 formed Ion s on a coo mun (not shown). Adjacent to t carage s an 50 fig i f yEach f g i has g i upward extension I of the framehaving slidably 50 opposite sides thereof segmental cylindrical racessecured thereto the Vertically movable cross ad for receiving ballsplaced intermediate the prongs J. The head J has bearin s J r all b r Kand which constitute a pivotal and substantially having-its axisextending perpendicular to the frictionless joint' therebetween. Theseraces axis of movement of the carriage H. on this ished in this manner.This member has a shank A at one end of which is a head B having aseries of spaced prongs C for inter-engaging correy I I fashioned by theoperation of a trimmer as hereinafter described/ Work holder 5 Upon thecarriage H is mounted a work holder M which is adapted to receive theshank A of the universal joint'member and to hold the same in member Nhas mounted thereon the upwardly 15 extending housing in which the workholder M is journaled concentric with the axis of the shank A. Thehousing 0 also contains an index mechanism by which the holder M may berotated to predetermined positions as hereinafter described.

With the construction as thus. far described it will be understood thatthe axis of the work holder M and 'of the shank A engaging the same liesin a horizontal plane and that it may be adjusted in this plane from theangular position shown in full lines in Figure 1 to the positionindicated in dotted lines in the same figure. The amount of such angularmovement and the exact terminal positions thereof is determined by stopsP and P shown as adjustable screws and thus the axis of the holder M maybe set at an exactly predetermined angle to the plane of the grindingwheel in both of said positions. It will be further understood that theaxis of the holder M lies in a horizontal plane in all positions ofadjustment and that each of the axes of the races may be adjusted to liein this same horizontal plane. Consequently the reciprocating movementof the table H will move the head B of the universal joint past the 40grinding wheel with one of the race members in position to be ground bysaid wheel while passing the same. Through the index mechanism to behereinafter described, the head M maybe rotatively adjusted to bring therace members suc- 45 cessively into operative relation to the grindingwheel until the entire series is ground, after which by adjusting themember N into the dotted position, all of the races D may be in asimilar manner successively ground. 50

Trimming mechanism The accuracy of the work performed depends upon theexact location of the form grinding wheel in relation to the path of thework. This exact lo- 55 cation is obtained first by the setting of thewheel and arbor and second, by the forming of the wheel throughoperation of the trimming mechanism. This trimming mechanism Q ismounted on one end of the table H so that periodically it may be 60carried by said table into operative relation with the grinding wheel.The essential features are first, that the trimmer in fashioning thecross sectional contour of the grinder should rotate about the exactaxis of the race when in grinding position; second, that the trimmingpoint should be an exactly predetermined radial length from this axis.The trimmer comprises a shaft Q which is journaled in bearings in a headQ with its axis horizontal and parallel to the direction 70' of movementof the carriage H. The forward end of the shaft Q' is provided with atapering socket to receive the correspondingly tapered end of thetrimmer tool Q This tool has an oil-set portion Q provided with a radialaperture receiving the 7 trimmer point holding member Q which is clampedin different positions of adjustment by the set screw Q. Thus theadjustment of the memher Q will determine the radial distance of thetrimmer point from the axis of the shaft Q. To correctly position thisaxis of the shaft so as to 'align the same with the correct axis of therace member to be ground, there is provided adjustments for the head Qvertically and transversely. The vertical adjustment is secured bymounting the head Q on an inclined base Q to which it is adjustablyclamped by headed boltsQ i engaging a longitudinal slot in said base.Adjusting screws Q are arranged at opposite ends of the base Q to engagethe head Q and to move the same either upward or downward on theinclined base. During this movement the head Q is held from anytransverse movement by tongue or key members Q thereon fltting thelongitudinal slot in the base Q". Thus the effect of adjusting the headQ up or down the incline :is to raise or lower the axis of the shaft Q.

To adjust the axis of the shaft Q transversely the base member Q ismounted on the sub-base member Q and is provided with a tongue or keyportion Q" fitting the transverse slot in said member Q Adjusting screwsQ engaging the threaded bearings in upwardly extending ears Q on thesub-base Q serve to move the base Q laterally and headed clamping screwsQ secure the members Q and Q in fixed relation after adjustment. Thusthe axis of the shaft Q may be adjusted vertically and transversely intoanexactly predetermined position and the movement of the table H willcarry the trimmerto the position where the trimming point is in thevertical plane of the arbor K. In this position a rocking of the shaft Qby ahandle Q will move the trimmer point in an arc concentric with theaxis of the shaft and of exactly predetermined radius, therebyfashioning th grinding wheel L to corresponding form.

Index mechanism The work holder M is a rotary member journaled inbearings in the housing 0 and provided with a socket for receiving theshank A of the work. Mounted on the member M within the housing 0 is anindex disk M having notches M in the periphery thereof. These notchesare engaged by a tapering detent M on a rockable dog M pivoted withinthe housing and a spring pressed plunger M operates to yieldably holdthe detent in engagement'with the notch. Adjacent and secured to theindex disk M is a ratchet wheel M provided with notches M correspondingin number to the notches M. M' is a sleeve rotatable upon the member Mand extending out through the bearing in the housing 0. This sleeve haswithin the housing a cam portion M which is adapted to engage with aroller M on the dog M to lift the detent M out of engagement with thenotch M The cam M also carries a pawl M which is engageable with one ofthe notches M of the ratchet wheel M and in the return rotation of thesleeve M will move said ratchet wheel and the index disk M until thedetent M= engages another notch M The sleeve M is actuated by a handle Mon the outside of the casing O.

Complete operation In the complete operation or the machine the workholder and trimming mechanism being first suitably adjusted, theoperator first trims the grinding wheel L by moving the carriage H tountil all of the raceways bring the trimmer point into the verticalplane of the axis of the arbor K. The arbor may then be adjusteddownward to bring the grinding wheel L into operative relation tofashions the cross section of the wheel to the exact 'arc of the races Dand D. One of the universal joints having its shankengaged with the workholder M, the carriage H is reciprocated to move the head B past thegrinder wheel, thereby grinding one of the raceways in one of the prongsC. If the amount of stock to be removed in finishing this raceway ismore than can be accomplished by one reciprocation of the grinder, thearbor K can first be raised and then fed downward after eachreciprocation until the finish position is attained. The adjustment ofthe arbor is accomplished by a hand wheel R which through the medium ofsuitable gearing (not shown) rotates the, feed screw R. to raise orlower the head J upon the frame extension I.

After the completion of the grinding of the raceways the work isadjusted through the index mechanism operated by the handle M to bringanother raceway into operative relation to the grinding wheel and theseoperations are repeated The operator then adjusts the work holderbyswinging the member N upon the vertical pivot N to assume the positionshown in dotted lines in Figures 1 and 4. It is then clamped by theclamping screw N to prevent accidental displacement and the grinding isrepeated with reference to the raceways D. Thus in the finished productall of these raceways will be cylindrical segments of an exactlypredetermined radius, the axes of all of which will intersect in acommon point E, also lying in the axis of the shank A.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A grinding machine comprising a frame, a grinding wheel and a tablemounted on said frame in relatively reciprocating relation, a membermounted on said table to be angularly adjustable thereonv about avertical axis at the central portion of the table, means forrlimitingthe angular adjustment of said member, a work holder rotatively mountedupon said member eccentric to said vertical axis with plane parallel tothe plane of said table, the angular adjustment being through an arcgreater than ninety degrees (90) to present opposite portions of thework in said work holder to operative engagement with the tool, and anindex mechanism cooperating with said rotary work holder,

2. A grinding machine comprising a frame,-a' grinding wheel and a tablemounted on said frame in relatively reciprocating relation, a mem- 'bermounted on said table to be angularly adjustable thereon about avertical axis at the central portion of the table, a rotary workholderthe trimmer which D have been ground.

its axis of rotation in a mounted on said member eccentric to saidvertical axis with its axis of rotation in a plane parallel to the planeof 'said table, the angular adjustment being through an arcninetydegrees (90) to present opposite portions of the work in said workholder to operative engagement with the tool, an index mechanismcooperating. with said rotary work holder, and means for limiting theangular adjustment of said member to arrange the axis of said rotarywork holder at the two extremes of its adjustment at equal and oppositeangles to the direc-,

tion of relative reciprocation of said grinding wheel and table. I 3.. Agrinding machine comprising a frame, a carriage mounted forreciprocation thereon, a formed grinding wheel mounted on said framewith its plane of rotation parallel to the direction of reciprocation ofsaid carriage, the cross sectional contour oi-said grinding wheel beingarcuate, a member mounted on said carriage to be angularly adjustableabout a vertical axis at'the central portion of the carriage, a rotarywork holder mounted on said member eccentric to said vertical axis withits axis of rotation in a plane parallel to the plane of said carriageand passing through the center of the arcuate cross section of saidgrinding wheel, the angular adjustment being through an arc of greaterthan ninety degrees (90) to present opposite work in said work holder tooperative engagement with the tool, and an index mechanism cooperatingwith said rotary work holder.

4. A grinding machine comprising a frame, a

carriage mounted for reciprocation thereon, a

formed grindingwheel-mounted on said wheel with its plane of rotation.parallel to the direction of reciprocation of said carriage, a crosssectional contour on said grinder wheel being arcuate, a member mountedon said carriage to be angularly adjustable about a vertical axis lyingin the same plane of reciprocation as the center of arcuate crosssection of said grinding wheel, a rotary work holder mounted upon saidmember with its axis of rotation intersecting said vertical axis andlocated in a plane parallel to the plane of move- 'ment of saidcarriage, the angular adjustment being through .an arc of greater thanninety degrees (90) to present opposite portions of the work in saidwork holder to operative engagement with the tool, index mechanism forsaid rotary work holder, and means for limiting the angular adjustmentabout said vertical axis of said member mounted on the carriage, so'that the angle of the axis of said work holder to the direction ofreciprocation at one limit is equal and opposite to that at the otherlimit.-

FREDERICK A. WARD.

of greater than portions of the

